Figure 4 Photo showing cliff slumping at Sidestrand, Norfolk. What are the air masses that affect the UK? What is the location and importance of Rio de Janeiro? These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. They manage but do not necessarily prevent erosion. Slanted structures made from concrete, wood or rocks along a cliff. 2.1 IMAGE SOURCES: Coastal land lies between the sea and the mainland. Fig. At t = 0 the charge on the capacitor is zero and the current is 2.00 A. What are the impacts of industry on the physical environment? What is chemical and mechanical weathering? What is migration and why do people migrate? Fig. (2 Marks) e) Describe the problems that can occur due to the large number of visitors. Overall, this resource aims to help students prepare effectively for their CBSE Class 12 Geography exams by providing a comprehensive set of most important questions and answers in the subject. The Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef system in the world, (Dove et al, 2009 pp73). What was the relevance of the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992? Expensive to implement and maintain. Therefore a decision to protect one coastal community may not outweigh the disadvantages of exposing another community to increased erosion. Smaller areas are not considered separately, unlike traditional methods. An ICZM manages the Mediterranean. Required to compensate people who lose buildings and farmland. The material used, sand or gravel, is natural and blends in with the existing beach. International migration from Syria to Europe, Japan A country with a high dependent population. Grants and scholarships. Reference: Insights on India. It is a dynamic strategy where decisions are re-evaluated if the environment or demands on the area change. The sediment cells are closed for the purposes of management, although there will be some exchanges between the different sediment cells. Introduction. I should probably buy a mic.Be safe!Miss Nawaz Level 3 Business Unit 4; Health And Social Care - Policy And Politics; Fluid Dynamics (32325) Advanced Software Engineering (CN7021) Family Law (LLBP 2023) . What challenges have been caused by urban growth in Mumbai? Almera in Spain: a large-scale agricultural development, Sustainable Food Supplies in an LIC Bangladesh. It was cheaper to protect Mappleton than construct a new route. Some coastlines are suffering from coastal erosion. This was effective at maintaining the beach here, but made beaches further south, including the beach at Sea Palling, become starved of sediment meaning that waves were able to undermine the sea wall causing further erosion. A Level Geography OCR A Level Geography Coastal Landscapes Coastal Landscapes This topic is included in A Level Component 1 for OCR Geography. Allows beaches to build up. What are the social and economic opportunities associated with the growth of Rio? Accounting & Finance; Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity; Case Studies; Economy & Economics; Marketing and Markets; People in Business; . GCSE. 6 - Rip rap at Agua Vista Park in San Francisco, US. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. Anak Krakatau & Sunda Strait Tsunami Indonesia Case Study 2018. Learning objectives Therefore, it can be seen that zoning has been vital in creating a balance between the needs of industry, government, community and the ecosystem to ensure that the Great Barrier Reef remains sustainable and protected. The coast is a dynamic environment that is vulnerable to a range of physical processes and each case needs to be considered individually with a view to changing policies over time. A Series of Coasts Case studies and Information on Them Terms in this set (26) Why is Coastal Management Needed at Lyme Regis? CBSE Class 12 Geography 5 Marks Question. Employing the ideal gas model with k=1.4k=1.4k=1.4 for the air, determine (a) the work developed by the turbine, in kJ\mathrm{kJ}kJ per kg\mathrm{kg}kg of air flowing, and (b) the temperature at the exit, in K. Ignore kinetic and potential energy effects. 1.5 Coastal Management. What does scenery formed by erosion look like? Its 100% free. They can have a step or bullnose profile. The study revealed that . This document is the prior work of another student. It acts as a physical barrier against erosion and flooding. Not Subscribed Subscribe to A Level Geography to access 600+ resources, plus 18 new Factsheets each year. The greater Miami area of south Florida faces higher than average sea level rise rates due to its location on the Atlantic seaboard (see Module 4). Everything you need for your studies in one place. This research aims to develop a GIS-based model that can inform urban ecological network construction and . There are 11 sediment cells in England and Wales, and there are 22 SMP's, Can you name any of the SMPs around the coastline of the UK. No active intervention means that it permits natural systems to modify the coastline as they are currently operating. Rip-rap is relatively cheap, 13506000. Case study - Dorset coastline - Coastal landforms - AQA - GCSE Geography Revision - AQA - BBC Bitesize GCSE AQA Coastal landforms Erosional landforms include headlands, bays, caves, arches,. About this case study Coastal environments provide many opportunities for human activities and the potential for economic development. Having understood the spatial reality of coastal conflicts in Chilo, various proposals for the delimitation of coastal zones in different parts of the world were reviewed, especially from Ibero-American states (e.g., [56], [57], [41], [9], [47]).The fourth step consisted in selecting the delimitation criteria and grouping them into fisve categories: arbitrary, ecological and physical . Soft engineering uses ecological principles and practices, which have less of a negative impact on the natural environment. Socio-economic impacts of flooding 3. This is where all the coastlines are divided into littoral cells containing sediment sources, transport paths and sinks. However the council maintain that the high cost involved in holding the line is not justified by their cost/benefit analysis (http://www.marinet.org.uk). How have animals adapted to cold environments? Local, regional, and national levels of authority must work and manage coasts together. Coastal management aims to protect homes, businesses and the environment from erosion and flooding. 3: Gabion reinforced with earth in Sveti Rok, Croatia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SvetiRok.jpg) by Antonio Canfora (no profile) Licensed by CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en), Fig. Soft engineering aims to work with and complement the physical environment by using natural coastal defence methods. What are the different types of coastal management? (4 Marks) d) Explain why people visit coastal areas. These are highly visible solutions which help reassure coastal communities. What are the economic and environmental issues of energy production? Requires maintenance and can be expensive. Increases the distance a wave has to travel, thus slowing it down and preventing erosion. Human and physical factors causing river flooding. A Level regeneration case studies. What is the structure of the tropical rainforest? Studying with Academic Integrity. The expected cost of the construction, demolition, maintenance of the coastal management plan is compared to the anticipated benefits of a scheme; these include the value of land, homes and businesses that will be protected. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. Will you pass the quiz? 1.2 High Coasts Featuring Cliffs. A Level Geography Specifications 600+ resources covering all major UK and International Exam Boards Choose Exam Board 2023 Geography New Geography Factsheets added in 2023 Explore More Free Downloads Plans for 2022/2023 Free Sample - Loss of Rainforest in the Amazon: An Ongoing Issue Factsheet Index 1-448 A Level Geography These effects can be positive or negative. 1.4 Lagoons. This must surely be more cost effective in the long run and more desirable in terms of maintaining the coast's natural beauty. Conflict often exists between different stakeholders, such as residents and the local council. Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. Marine processes erosion, transportation and deposition, , , , , . The United Kingdom also needs to manage its coastline as the next two case studies will show. Weathering and mass movement in river valleys. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. The Chemu lagoon is not immune to pollution through chemical waste contamination, refuse disposals, and untreated household sewage, and hence has been chosen as a case study. How is demand for energy changing in the UK? Case Study of Coastal Erosion - Flamborough Head and Holderness Coast Background and the Problem of Erosion - The Holderness Coast is on the NE coast of the UK, facing the North Sea. This allows sand to settle, and increases dune size. It must involve all stakeholders, plan for the long term, and work with the natural processes and not against them. 3.1B Transport Technology and Globalisation, 3.2 Political and Economic Decision Making, 7C Economic Development and Environmental Impact, 8B Controlling the Spread of Globlisation, 4A.1B Economic Activity and Social Factors, 4A.1A Changing Function and Characteristics, 4A.6 Evaluating the need for Regeneration, 6C Representation and Need for Regeneration, 10A Measuring the Success of Regeneration, 12A Restructuring and Contested Decisions, 7.5 Superpowers and International Decision Making, 7.6 Superpowers and the Physical Environment, 7.6C Middle-Class Consumption on Emerging Powers, 7.8A Emerging Powers and the Developing World, 8.2 Variations in Health and Life Expectancy, 8.3A The relationship between economic and social development, 8.5A Human Rights Vs Economic Development, 8.8 the Positive and Negative of Development, 2B.2C Geological Structure and Cliff Profiles, 2B.3B Rock Strata and Complex Cliff Profiles, 4C Coastal Landscapes Produced by Erosion, 8C Temporal Variations in Coastal Recession, 9A Local Factors that Increase Coastal Flood Risk, A - Economic and Social Losses from Recession, 2B: 12 Integrated Coastal Zone Management, 1B Importance and Size of Stores and Fluxes, 5.4 Deficits within the Hydrological Cycle, 5.8 Consequences and Risks of Water Insecurity, 8A - Causes and Pattern of Physical and Economic Scarcity, 5.9C Integrated Drainage Basin Management, 6.1C - Geological Processes Releasing Carbon, 6.2 Biological Processes Sequestering Carbon, 6.3 Human Activity Altering the Carbon Cycle, 6.6C Radical Technologies to Reduce Carbon Emissions, 6.7 Human Activity Threatening the Carbon and Water Cycles. Protect the coastal zone in a relatively natural state whilst allowing people to use it and develop it in different ways. . The idea is to make the beach larger to dissipate the wave energy, thereby reducing wave erosion. Geography. It includes various methods like percolation tanks, and recharge wells among . GCSE. The idea of cliff stabilisation is to limit the amount of erosion and the potential for landslides, collapse, and falling rocks. The coastline is a used environment. Over 10 million students from across the world are already learning smarter. To achieve this, the following are taken into consideration: This takes place before any coastal management takes place. Creating new sand dunes or restoring existing ones. What were the reasons for coastal management at Mappleton? The SMP states that the approach to managing the coast needs to be sustainable, taking into account the economy, the environment, tourism and future development but acknowledges that the cost is likely to rise with time. They are stone, timber, or interlocking concrete sloping structures. 9 - SMPs decide the best course of action for coastlines. It was when the concept of the ICZM was born. What is the impact of humans on the Taiga? How has urbanisation helped Nigeria to develop? (See appendix 1, 2 and 3 for SMP maps). Resources to support this topic can be found below. Impacts of Farming Practices on Carbon Budget, A-level geography case study - The Sundarbans, CALIFORNIA WILDFIRES - THE SIGNIFICANCE OF CL, Coastal Landforms and Landscapes of depositio, Coastal landforms and landscapes of erosion, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine. This is another method of sustainable coastline management. What are the advantages and disadvantages of beach nourishment? Have all your study materials in one place. What are the differences in global calorie intake and food supply? North Norfolk is a very good example of an area where the coast in under constant threat from erosion. The study results show areas at high risk for earthquake, landslide, fire and flood disasters and disaster mitigation measures to reduce risks to hazard, vulnerability and resilience factors. Geography Case Studies All of our geography case studies in one place Coastal Erosion Use the images below to find out more about each case study. This varied coastline is one of the Islands main assets. Economic opportunities and challenges in Lagos. They effectively prevent erosion in the desired area, but they are expensive and have a significant environmental impact due to the use of concrete and other artificial materials. If not dealt with this water would encourage rock and sediments to slide to the cliff bottom. Upload unlimited documents and save them online. Subscribe OCR A Level Geography View More Topics The table below shows the common types of hard engineering. -Lack of fresh water for drinking and irrigation, as fresh water is diverted from the rivers for irrigation use further upstream. Search our scholarships. This chapter reviews the marine and coastal management systems in operation in Ireland, Romania, Spain and France. The coastline needs to be managed to protect against increasing coastal erosion, flooding and sea-level changes. Business Studies. Approximately two-thirds of the worlds population live within a few kilometres of the coast. Create your own unique website with customizable templates. The SMP is generally a combination of hold the line and no active intervention except for a small stretch on the River Hamble estuary where managed realignment is in place. High Energy Coastline made up of Limestone and Clay. Earthquakes Strategies: Sea Wall Wooden Groynes repaired and built at a cost of 5.2m BUT: 1 The following are the four major types of coasts in coastal landscapes: 1.1 Rias Coasts. SMP3 Flamborough Head to Gibraltar Point. The channels flow N-S due to strong tidal currents, and the smaller channels drains the land with each ebb tide. Ans: International scholarship collaborations. In cell 5c11, for example, (see appendix 4) the short term policy is to hold the line and continue to maintain existing flood defences, but in the longer term a policy of no active intervention would be adopted because it would become no longer economically viable to hold the line (see appendix 5) (www.northsolentsmp.co.uk). In conclusion, it has been shown by this essay that managing the coast is a complicated process that needs to be flexible enough to take into account a variety of interests and conflicts. This will mean eventually that Happisburgh will be at the mercy of the sea and by 2105 a substantial amount of land, businesses and properties will be lost (ibid). Disasters that often occur due to climate change and subsidence result in the destruction of coastal communities' property, loss of life, agricultural land cannot produce optimally, and tsunamis, tidal floods, and liquefaction are increasingly common. Managing the wider coastal zone in terms of people and their economic livelihoods, social and cultural well being, safety from coastal hazards and minimising environmental and ecological impacts. High level of poverty and inequality (90% of wealth is controlled by 15% of the population). Physical processes that affect the coast include erosion, cliff slumping, deposition and longshore drift. Hard: Sea walls, Rock armour, Promenade Groynes This research starts from the phenomenon of climate change and increasing land subsidence in the coastal areas. Human activities are the reefs biggest threat. Can create erosion further down the coast. (4 marks) Assess the role of vegetation in the development of a sand dune landscape. Hard engineering techniques are typically used to protect coastal settlements. The beach is made wider by using sand and shingle. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. It recognises the importance of the coast for peoples livelihoods. To achieve this, a variety of teaching methods are employed, including: lectures, practicals, tutorials . Describe and evaluate possible solutions to the management of coastlines, by the use of at least three case studies. Has a substantial impact on the environment. Groups who may have an interest in how the coast is managed would include; local residents, local councils, landowners, governments, environmental bodies and national park authorities. What is the location and importance of London? Regeneration is the process of upgrading existing urban, rural, industrial and commercial areas to bring about social and economic change on a long-term scale. Studying from past student work is an amazing way to learn and research, however you must always act with academic integrity. Cost-wise they are not too expensive, 150250 (depending on material). This is where large rocks are placed at the top of beaches or at the base of a sea wall to protect it from undercutting and scouring. (6 marks) Camber Sands teaching resource. You can see that there are higher rates of erosion directly south of these defences. As part of the A Level course, it is important not only to understand what regeneration is and the impacts that it has, but also to put this into context. GREAT - Imperial College London Scholarship. Managing natural resources like fish, water, farmland to ensure long term productivity. Provides a range of products, services and opportunities for development to increase the wealth of Bangladesh. Awesome A-Level Coastal Landforms Essays & Coursework Examples that have been Marked by Teachers and Peers allowing for the best possible results. Coastal management is the focus of several GCSE specifications while some require understanding of managed realignment. These do not exist in Scotland and Northern Ireland, where the devolved governments and local authorities are jointly responsible for coastal protection. Management of the coastline is necessary to protect them from coastal erosion, flooding, and rising sea levels. 2 A Case Study of the Holderness Coastline. Groyne Building wooden fence-like barriers at right angles to the beach. Governance approaches include Shoreline Management Plans (SMPs), Sustainable Integrated Approaches (SIA) and Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM). Because of this, there is a growing need to assess the integrated impact of SLR taking into account the interactions between physical and ecological . Which hard engineering approach is the most problematic? Limestone Case Study Malham, The Yorkshire Dales. The Isle of Wight has65 milesof spectacular coastline, 28 miles of which are designated Heritage Coast. What is the value of the tropical rainforest? Vegetation is planted as their roots help to stabilize the cliff structure and increase cohesion, consequently, the cliff will be more stable and less prone to cliff material slumping or sliding off. It became apparent that a long term plan needed to be formulated, so in 1992 a number of measures were implemented. This is a plan that divides that GBRMP up into different zones and dictates where different types of activities can take place (Dove et al, 2009, pp73). North Norfolk case study for OCR GCSE Geography. These may include the value of land, homes and businesses that will be protected. of the users don't pass the Coastal Management quiz! British Council Scholarships for Women in STEM. What is the maximum charge that will appear on the capacitor? This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Protects cliffs from upland erosion and is a barrier to flooding. Coastal Deposition Use the images below to find out more about each case study. However the proposal was eventually rejected due to budget and technical constraints and a policy of no active intervention was put in place. Fig. Where do volcanoes and earthquakes happen? Using relevant case studies at national, sub national and local level, we assess Sustainable approaches to coastal flood risk and coastal erosion management 3.1.3.6 Case studies Local coastal environment Case study Case study of a contrasting coastal landscape beyond the UK - Sunderbands . Two Earthquakes Compared Nepal and LAquila, Lombok Indonesia Earthquake 2018 Case Study, 2018 Sulawesi Indonesia Earthquake and Tsunami Case Study. What is the impact of humans on the savanna? Hard Engineering - Coastal Management - Isle of Wight. Erosion rate is 5 m per year (dredging and wall construction in Liverpool makes less material available, Board walks for visitors (Don't trample on the sand), Less than half the price of our monthly plan. Lecture notes - A-level geography notes: coral reefs 5. However, they are are expensive to install and maintain. In Phuket in Thailand, erosion has caused the loss of beaches. 4: Wooden revetment (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sturdy_revetments_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1119250.jpg) by Evelyn Simak (https://www.geograph.org.uk/profile/14840) Licensed by CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en), Fig. How is a cold environment interdependent? They can survive in brackish water as they filter salt. 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In this Story Map you can learn about the issues facing a part of the Somerset coastline in the UK, and learn about current and potential future management strategies. A range of management techniques has limited coastal erosion at Hornsea. Water quality and pollution management in the UK. How does flooding affect humans and the environment? Four states (Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and West Bengal) and one UT (Puducherry) on the east coast and one state (Gujarat) on the west coast are highly vulnerable . This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Why is the weather of the UK so changeable? Accounting & Finance; Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity; Case Studies; Economy & Economics; Marketing and Markets; People in Business; Design & Technology. Apologies for the terrible sound! However, they may inhibit longshore drift and speed up the erosion process elsewhere. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". There are two contrasting approaches to coastal management. Where are the areas of water deficit and surplus in the UK? Beach nourishment artificially replacing the sediment on the beach. Fig. Thinkswap has partnered with Turnitin to ensure students cannot copy directly from our resources. This is a hard engineering method in coastal management (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Groyne_at_Mundesley,_Norfolk.JPG) by MichaelMaggs (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:MichaelMaggs) Licensed by CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en), Fig. Natural eroded material encourages the development of beaches and salt marshes. What are the main hazards generated by volcanic activity? Taking 17 villages in the Rongcheng of Shandong as an example, this article integrated multidimensional data, including geospatial . In these areas, the project is seeking to plant mangroves and other shelterbelt species, protect the Olive Ridley sea turtles and other aquatic life, and pilot shoreline protection in the village of Pentha. Constructing ecological networks is considered a critical strategy to reconnect habitats, restore ecosystems and improve ecological capacity. 2 - Groynes at Mundesley in Norfolk, UK. 8 - Beach grass to stabilise dunes at beaches. What are coastal engineering approaches designed to do? Calibration and Validation of Earth Observation Data, Core Skills in GIS, Physical Geography in Environmental Management and Risk Assessment. Author: David James Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9812873937 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 396 View. Coasts Investigate processes, landforms and management strategies for coasts using the links below. A shoreline management plan is a document which examines the risks associated with coastal processes and presents a policy to manage those risks. . Economic activities in glaciated upland areas, Glaciation Photo gallery Goat Fell, Isle of Arran. Siloso beach is a high tourist attraction and the breakwaters have been used and integrated in tourist attractions such as 'MegaZip'.
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